Race, Color, and the Application of Pool Theory

Abstract

In today’s complex society, we encounter various societal issues. However, race as an attribute and as a major social form tremendously affects many aspects of individuals’ lives, as well as society as a whole. It continues to shape social, political, and economic hierarchies. Many sociological theories that have focused on race and racism, but few have focused on an in-depth understanding of subtle racism and its socio-historical constructs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and explore race, color, and racism, particularly the subjective form of racism, utilizing the Pool Theory.

Pool theory, based on acquired idea from the billiard game, asserts that racism is formed through people’s implicit attitudes, feelings, and behaviors. It emphasizes that race, like many other social concepts, is socially and culturally created by the dominant groups for labeling others to suit their own imagination and goals. Based on generalizations, the theory accentuates that race is subjective and implicit, and that skin color is highly valued in society. According to this theory, those who possess favorite colors are more likely to be seen as superior, influential, valued, and successful in constructing concepts that becomes social reality. The choice of colors and the position of the billiard balls could be the consequence of implicit feelings and biased beliefs about others. Power differentiation, disparity, and colorism are evident in this game. Pool theory refutes color blindness, which is the belief that racism is no longer an issue in American society. The main objective of this study is to encourage future research in theory building, emphasizing the implicit aspects of racism. Additionally, this study can serve as an avenue for literature review, particularly in relation to race and racism.